Contents:-

1. Introduction: Purpose and Perspective 

Why to Read the Following Pages?

2. Development of Epistemology

A.  Western Epistemology: Thinkers and Theories

Human Knowledge in Homer and Xenophanes

Socrates Therory of Knowledge

Plato's Theory of Knowledge

Aristotle's Epistemology

Copernicus and Galileo

Bacon

Hobbes

Locke

 Berkeley

Rene' Descartes

Leibnitz

Spinoza

Hume 

Kant

Hegal

Newton

Russell

A. N. Whitehead

Wittgenstein
An Empiricist View of Knowledge

A Rationalist View of Knowledge

Pragmatism

 B. Indian Epistemology: An Overview 
 The Vedic Literature

Theory of Knowledge in the Vaisesika Sutras VS

Epistemology of the Samkhya System

Epistemology of the Yoga Sutras

The Mimamnsa Epistemology

Theory of Knowledge in the Sabarabhasya  of the Mimamsa-Sutras

The Mimansa Epistemology according to Kumarila Bhatta

The Vedanta Epistemology

Samkara 's Theory of  knowledge and Reality

Ramanuja's Doctrine of knowledge and Reality

The Jaina and Buddhist Epistemology 

The Beginning of Jaina Epistemology in Umasvati's Tattvadhigama-Sutra TS

The Lager Jaina Epistemology

The Buddhist Epistemology

Theories of Direct Knowledge and Inference in the Nyaya-Bindu of Dharma-kirit

Epistemology in the New School of Logic-Navya-nyaya

3. Nyaya Philosophy: Its Epistemological Assumptions

What is Nyaya?

Origin of Nyaya School and its Pioneer Contributors

Gangesia and his Successors

Subject Matter of Nyaya

A. Nature of Knowledge

Basic Epistemological Assumptions

Knowledge

Knowledge-Its Forms

Valid Knowledge-Prama

Invalid Knowledge

Memory-Smrti and Dream

Causes of Memory

Dreams

Doubt-Samsaya

Error-Viparyyaya and Illusion-Bhrama

Hypothetical Reasoning-Tarka

Pramana

Pramana-Its Scope

The Nyaya Theory of Extrinsic Validity

B. Methods of Knowledge

Methods of Knowledge-Pramanas

Perception as a Method of Knowledge

Pratyaksa Pramana

a. Indriyarthasannikarsa-Sense -Object Contract

b. Anyapadesyam-Unnameable

c. Non-Erroneous-Avyabhicari

d. Determinate-Vyavasayatmaka

The Psychology of Perception

Function of the Senses

The Nature and Function of Mind-Manas

Self

The Nyaya Theory of Self

Divergent Views Regarding the Self

Indriyatmavada

Manasatmavada

Budhyatmavada

Indriyadhisthanavada

C. Ordinary Perception and its Objects

Different Kinds of Perception

Modes of Ordinary Perception

Nirvikalpaka and Savikalpaka Perceptions

Recognition-Pratyabhijna

Extraordinary Perception

Jnanalalsana as Acquired Perception

Yogaja or Intuitive Perception

Perception of Substances-Dravya

Perception of Attributes-Guna and Actions-Karma

Karma-Actions

Samanya-Universality

Visesa

Samvaya-Inherence

Perception of Non-Existence-Abhava

Internal Perception and its-Objects                             

D. Inference (Anumana)

Nature and Scope of-Anumana

Distinction between Perception and Inference

The Constituents of Inference

The Forms of Anumana

The Puravat, Sesavat and Samanyatodrsta

Kevalanvayi, Kevala-Vyatireki and Anvaya-Vyatireki

Inference

The Logical Form of Inference (Anumana)

Pararthanumana and Svarthanumana

The Problem of Vyapti

Logical and Psychological Bases of Inference

Vyapti

The Psychological Ground of Inference (Paksata)

Fallacies (Hetvabhasa)

E. What if Upamana?

The Nature of Upamana (Comparision)

The Role of Sadrsya (similarity) in Upamana

Upamana as an Independent Source of Knowledge (Pramana)

F. Verbal Testimony (Sabda)

Words (Pada)

Kinds of Word

Import of Words

Sentence (Vakya)

The Import of Sentences

4. Nyaya Epistemology and Education

A. Zeroing in on Education

B. Pedagogy: A Paradigm Shift